This session, led by Monica Biradavolu (CEO and founder of QualAnalytics and SPIA Special Initiative Member) and James Garrett (Sr Research Fellow, Alliance of Bioversity and CIAT), responds to an interest in learning about ways to address institutional, political and social outcomes. This session was recorded during the SPIA Matchmaking Event in Nairobi 19-21 July 2022. It begins with a short presentation on the common issues and concerns that have emerged from a reading of the background notes and end-of-initiative outcomes and offers broad principles and a menu of methods to help design impact assessments that are not amenable to experimental design. It concludes with suggestions on next steps and then opens the floor for a general discussion and feedback on how SPIA can best provide assistance to the initiatives.